'Ozempic 2.0' is on the way and could completely change weight loss drugs

 'Ozempic 2.0' is on the way and could completely change weight loss drugs.

'Ozempic 2.0' is on the way and could completely change weight loss drugs. Recently, I was asked by another creator to promote their YouTube channel on drugs called glp1 receptor agonists. Now, you may know them by the names glp1 receptor agonists like OIC wovi or semaglutide

And these drugs continue to gain attention due to their use in weight loss, and for a valid reason, they work, which results in weight loss

But these people need to understand that there is a lot more to it than just weight loss. Now I have finally decided to promote this other channel

But during this process and due to requests from our audience, I thought it was finally time

that we make our own video explaining how these drugs actually work, their effectiveness, but also their potential short and long-term side effects, and more importantly,

that people think about choosing weight loss, which everyone should choose. Are these drugs for weight loss, or do you need to be more selective about

who should consider using them today? We're going to find out. I'm Jonathan Bannon with the Institute of Human Anatomy, and we're going to jump into some anatomy and physiology.

Amazing, so let's first get a feel for some of the names, and then we can figure out how the drug works and who might want to consider taking it for OIC

And Wavi is are different brand name for the same injectable drug, Semaglutide. OIC is a lower-dose version of Semaglutide, which is FDA-approved for type 2 diabetes

While Semaglutide is more FDA-approved for weight loss, basically, both are Semaglutide at different doses and approved for different uses

But,   the important part of our discussion is that Semaglutide belongs to a class of drugs called glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, or simply asglp1 receptor agonists

And there is more than one of them; only one is Semaglutide, the more well-known, but a receptor agonist is a drug that binds to certain cellular receptors throughout the body

When it comes to these cellular, when it binds to receptors, it mimics the effects of substances that are naturally produced in the body, and based on the name of these drugs, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists probably don't naturally produce any harm to our bodies.

Like peptide 1, or just GLP-1, just to clarify that we have a drug called a GLP-1 receptor agonist that mimics the naturally occurring GLP-1

But this naturally occurring hormone GP-1 is produced by cells called L cells that are found in the intestine, as well as by neurons

that are located within the nucleus of the therapeutic, but this type of video is such an important part of It's fun to say, but the important thing is that this nucleus of the thalamus is located inside the medulla oblongata of the brain stem, which is important because these drugs will affect the brain.

But the take-home message is that GLP-1 is naturally produced and secreted by cells in your gut, and when it enters the brain stem in response to food and certain things in response to eating,

then the brain stem responds. First, GLP-1 affects the pancreas, which you can see just behind the stomach, and it affects two hormones that the pancreas secretes, insulin and glucagon.

You may have heard that insulin lowers blood sugar, or what we call blood glucose levels, but when blood glucose levels are low, glucose levels go down.

Glucagon tells your liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream between meals or when you haven't eaten for a long time.

So glucagon causes blood glucose levels to rise, but go1 stimulates the pancreas to release insulin while blocking glucose release.

So blood glucose levels fall more slowly. GLP1 also slows gastric emptying in bowel movements, so food stays in your stomach longer.

Which helps you feel full. It also works on the brain to reduce hunger. So we know how naturally produced GLP1 works.

We can understand what GLP1 receptor agonists are trying to accomplish by naturally producing their effects. It turns out that the blood glucose levels are decreasing.

Gastric emptying is slowing down and also reducing hunger in the brain, but that's probably too soft a word because these drugs actually enhance the effects of the naturally occurring GLP-1.

Because here's the thing about the natural GLP-1 that your body produces: if it doesn't stay in your blood for long or doesn't have a half-life in your body.

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You haven't heard of half-life before; that's just referring to the time it takes for the concentration of a substance or chemical to be reduced by half.

And the half-life of GLP-1 that your body produces is about 1 to 2 minutes, but one of the design features that pharmaceutical companies were trying to add to these drugs is to increase their GLP-1.

That they would stay in the bloodstream longer, and they did that, for example The half-life of semaglutide is about a week so going from 1 to 2 hours to a week is quite a dramatic change and it is obvious that it will cause a greater or longer effect of lowering blood glucose levels which will reduce gastric emptying and reduce appetite so you can start to see

how semaglutide could be a type of glp1 receptor agonist for something like type 2 diabetes, and it is actually semaglutide that was developed under the brand name OIC, because as we know

that people with type 2 diabetes have high blood glucose levels, and this drug was an effective tool to help bring those levels down, but they also saw

that people were often losing weight on these drugs, and that could be the reason for someone being completely gassy and feeling sluggish. Its effect on the brain was causing a decrease in appetite

which was causing people to miss out on food, and eventually something like Semaglutide was branded by us GOI in high doses, and eventually it was approved by the FDA for weight loss

Apart from that, other new gp1receptor agonists have also been approved for weight loss, and many new pharma companies are doing new research to develop glp1 receptor agonists, but studies have also shown

that some of these glp1 receptor agonists were also reducing the risk of cardiovascular events like heart attacks or strokes in people who had pre-existing cardiovascular conditions

now, the exact reason why these drugs can potentially reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in some people is being investigated. It's possible that lowering blood glucose levels was playing a role

, or it could be because of the weight loss.  Because as people lose more adipose tissue, their cardiovascular risk also decreases. Is it a combination,  and there is some evidence to support

that these drugs reduce inflammation within the cardiovascular system in a way that people with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions have an additional benefit. So what's the benefit of these drugs to you

which can help you lose up to 15 percent of your body weight in diabetes, and now there are potential cardiovascular benefits for some populations of people who want to lose weight

Why wouldn't they take these drugs for the price of each liter of other drugs? Another side effect is the cost. The most common side effects of these medications are GI-related side effects.

The most common of which is nausea, but other common GI side effects include vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, bloating, and abdominal pain, and many of these can be attributed to slowing the rate of gastric emptying.

When people start this and actually start this. Then slowly increase until they reach their maintenance dose

And many people will often find that these side effects can subside over time, while others may not be so lucky, but people have also experienced fatigue, headaches, and some more serious side effects.

Now I should say that these more serious side effects are relatively uncommon, but it is still worth mentioning that pancreatitis is a possible side effect, and the mechanism of this is not well understood.

The glp1 receptor stimulates the pancreas, which can potentially cause the growth of some pancreatic cells, which can block the pancreatic ducts, resulting in a backup of pancreatic juice.

Resulting in inflammation, Gallbladder problems. Another concern is that there may be a link between glppost1 and the medication. During the development of the early drugs, weight loss and decreased gallbladder secretion from the treatment were feared to increase the risk of thyroid cancer. 

However, this has been shown in rodent studies and has not yet been shown in humans. The last side effect I will mention is that it is not serious enough to cause a condition like pancreatitis, but it is still a concern, especially in older patients.

Patients, and that is that a large amount of the weight loss that comes from these drugs is not just from fat, the weight loss is also from muscle,, and it also comes with a complete loss of strength

and we are going to talk about this more and when we talk about who wants to consider using this drug, you should be allowed to avoid it

and you should talk to your wall first, for example is not cheap and can be over $1,000 a month without insurance, because it is so expensive

that one, these drugs are in high demand, and two, the brand name drugs are more expensive now. Some have been able to get around the additional cost of branding by getting semaglutide at an equivalent dosage through a compounding pharmacy

but you need to be careful with online pharmacies. Compounding legitimate pharmacies, but others, especially some of them online, can be a bit of a stretch

So there is definitely some testing needed, if some people choose to go the compounding route now, if you have reasonable insurance

then a fair portion of that cost can be covered, but obviously, it depends on your specific plan and which one you should consider taking in the end